Bases and Physical Properties of Bases


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Bases and Physical Properties of Bases

Bases:

These are the substances usually the oxide or the hydroxide of a metal, which can react with an acid to produce salt and water.They are bitter in taste.Substances containing a base are called basic substances.e.g.:

Sodium ;hydroxide rightarrow NaOH 

Calcium ;hydroxide; rightarrow Ca(OH)_2

Properties of Base:

  • Bases are bitter in taste.
  • Solutions of bases are slippery to touch.
  • Bases may or may not be soluble in water. Bases that can dissolve in water are called alkalis. For example, Sodium hydroxide,    potassium hydroxide
  • Bases are strong and corrosive.
  • Bases turn colourless phenophthalein to pink and orange coloured methyl orange indicator to yellow.
  • Bases react with acids to give salt and water.
  • Alkali react with ammonium salts to liberate ammonia.
  • Preparation:

    When metals burn in oxygen the respective metallic oxides are formed. These are basic in nature.

    1. ;Sodium+Oxygenrightarrow Sodium;oxide

    2. ;Potassium + Oxygen rightarrow Potassium;oxide

    3.;Calcium + oxygen rightarrow Calcium ; oxide

    The oxide when dissolved in water give their respective hydroxide.

    Calcium;oxide + waterrightarrow Calcium;hydroxide

    Sodium;oxide + waterrightarrow Sodium;hydroxide

    Potassium;oxide+waterrightarrow Potassium;hydroxide

    But there are other metallic hydroxides like Cupric hydroxide, Ferric hydroxide, etc. These cannot be obtained by the above method.

    Sample Questions
    (More Questions for each concept available in Login)
    Question : 1

    Which of the following are correct :

    (a) Bases are the substances usually the oxide or the hydroxide of a metal

    (b) Bases that can dissolve in water are called alkalis. like, Sodium hydroxide.

    (c) Bases turn colourless phenophthalein to pink and orange coloured methyl orange indicator to yellow.

    Right Option : D
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    Explanation
    Question : 2

    Which of the following are correct ?

    (a) Bases are the substances usually the oxide or the hydroxide of a metal, which can react with an acid to produce salt and water

    (b) Bases are bitter in taste

    Right Option : C
    View Explanation
    Explanation
    Question : 3

    Some statements related to bases are given below

    1. Bases change the colour of the litmus red.
    2. Base may be soluble or insoluble.
    3. All bases are alkali, but all alkalies are not base.

    The correct statements are _______________

    Right Option : B
    View Explanation
    Explanation
     
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